https://www.youngju.dev/blog 천천히 올바르게. AI Researcher & DevOps Engineer Youngju's tech blog. GPU/CUDA, LLM, MLOps, Kubernetes AI workloads, distributed training, and data engineering. ko fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive.en https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive.en In 2026, proof assistants are no longer a secret weapon of academia. Lean 4 has exploded since Leonardo de Moura moved to AWS; mathlib has crossed one million theorems and become a daily tool for first-rank mathematicians including Terence Tao. Coq finished its rebrand to Rocq in March 2024, and Agda, Idris 2, and Isabelle/HOL each hold their own corners. Microsoft's F* has verified the HACL* crypto library that ships in Firefox and the Linux kernel; Liquid Haskell verifies ordinary Haskell with refinement types. On top of all this, AI has arrived — DeepMind's AlphaProof took silver at IMO 2024; Anthropic joined the AIMO prize ($5M) and mathlib search; Terence Tao is formalising his own papers in Lean with Copilot/Claude assistance. Z3 and CVC5 run underneath as the SMT engines; seL4, CompCert, and IronFleet prove that formal verification works in real systems. KAIST and ETRI in Korea, Kyoto University, the University of Tokyo, and AIST in Japan follow. This post puts the whole 2026 proof-assistant ecosystem in one place. Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) lean-4leanmathlibrocqcoqagdaidris-2isabelle-holfstarliquid-haskellatstheorem-proverproof-assistantformal-methodsalphaproofaimoterence-taoz3cvc5sel4compcert2026deep-diveenglish https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive.ja https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive.ja 2026年、定理証明支援系(proof assistant)はもはや学界の秘密兵器ではない。Lean 4 は Leonardo de Moura が AWS に移って以来爆発的に成長し、mathlib は 100 万定理を超え、Terence Tao を含む一流数学者の日常の道具となった。Coq は 2024 年 3 月に Rocq へリブランドを完了し、Agda・Idris 2・Isabelle/HOL はそれぞれの位置を保つ。Microsoft の F* は HACL* 暗号ライブラリを検証し、Firefox や Linux カーネルに実際に入っている。Liquid Haskell は refinement type で普通のコードを検証する。その上に AI が乗った — DeepMind の AlphaProof は IMO 2024 で銀メダル相当、Anthropic は AIMO($5M)と mathlib 検索に参戦、Terence Tao は自分の論文を Copilot/Claude 補助で Lean に形式化している。Z3・CVC5 SMT ソルバがその下を支え、seL4・CompCert・IronFleet は形式検証が実システムで動くことを証明した。韓国の KAIST・ETRI、日本の京都大学・東京大学・産業技術総合研究所(AIST)もその流れを追う。本記事は 2026 年の定理証明支援系エコシステム全体を一か所に整理する。 Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) lean-4leanmathlibrocqcoqagdaidris-2isabelle-holfstarliquid-haskellatstheorem-proverproof-assistantformal-methodsalphaproofaimoterence-taoz3cvc5sel4compcert2026deep-dive日本語 https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-lean-4-proof-assistants-2026-mathlib-rocq-agda-isabelle-fstar-alphaproof-aimo-deep-dive 2026년, 정리 증명기(proof assistant)는 더 이상 학계의 비밀 무기가 아니다. Lean 4는 Leonardo de Moura가 AWS로 옮긴 뒤 폭발적으로 성장했고, mathlib는 100만 개 정리를 넘기며 Terence Tao를 비롯한 일급 수학자들의 일상 도구가 되었다. Coq는 2024년 3월 Rocq로 리브랜드를 마쳤고, Agda·Idris 2·Isabelle/HOL은 각자의 자리를 지킨다. Microsoft의 F*는 HACL* 암호 라이브러리를 검증해 Firefox와 Linux 커널에 실제로 들어갔고, Liquid Haskell은 refinement type으로 일반 코드를 검증한다. 그 위로 AI가 올라탔다 — DeepMind AlphaProof는 IMO 2024에서 은메달을, Anthropic은 AIMO ($5M 상금)와 mathlib search에 합류했다. Terence Tao는 Lean과 GitHub Copilot으로 자기 논문을 형식화하고 있다. Z3·CVC5 SMT 솔버가 그 밑단을 받치고, seL4·CompCert·IronFleet는 형식 검증이 실제 시스템에서 작동함을 증명한다. 한국의 KAIST·ETRI, 일본의 京都大学·東京大学·AIST가 그 흐름을 따라간다. 이 글은 2026년 정리 증명기 생태계 전체를 한 자리에 정리한다. Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) lean-4leanmathlibrocqcoqagdaidris-2isabelle-holfstarliquid-haskellatstheorem-proverproof-assistantformal-methodsalphaproofaimoterence-taoz3cvc5sel4compcert2026deep-dive https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive.en https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive.en Haskell in 2026 is no longer "the language PhDs use to write papers". GHC 9.10 (May 2024) and 9.12 (Dec 2024) pushed the compiler another notch faster, and GHCup is now the officially recommended installer, simplifying the choice between Cabal 3.14 and Stack. IHP delivers a Rails-class full-stack experience, Servant has become the standard for typed HTTP APIs, and Effectful is rapidly displacing the mtl style. The ORM lineup is Persistent / Beam / Esqueleto, parsing is Megaparsec, JSON is Aeson, testing is hedgehog / tasty / hspec, and we still have Liquid Haskell refinement types and Hasktorch ML at the edges. Pandoc remains in John MacFarlane hands, Cardano is run by IOG, GitHub uses Haskell in Semantic. This article is the 2026 map of the modern Haskell stack on one page. Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) haskellghc-9-10ghc-9-12ghcupcabalstackhackagestackageihpservantyesodsnapscottyspockeffectfulpolysemyfused-effectsbluefinpersistentbeamesqueletomegaparsecaesonhedgehogtastyhspecliquid-haskellhasktorchpandoccardano2026deep-diveenglish https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive.ja https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive.ja 2026年のHaskellは「博士号を持つ人が論文を書くために使う言語」ではない。GHC 9.10(2024年5月)と9.12(2024年12月)でコンパイラはもう一段速くなり、GHCupが公式推奨インストーラとして定着したことで、Cabal 3.14とStackの選択は単純になった。IHPがRails級のフルスタック体験を提供し、Servantが型付きHTTP APIの標準となり、Effectfulがmtlスタイルを急速に置き換えている。ORMはPersistent / Beam / Esqueleto、パーサはMegaparsec、JSONはAeson、テストはhedgehog / tasty / hspec、そしてLiquid Haskellのrefinement typesとHasktorchの機械学習まで。PandocはJohn MacFarlaneが今も担当し、CardanoはIOGが運営し、GitHubはSemanticでHaskellを本番投入している。本稿はその全部を一ページに集めた2026年版モダンHaskell地図である。 Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) haskellghc-9-10ghc-9-12ghcupcabalstackhackagestackageihpservantyesodsnapscottyspockeffectfulpolysemyfused-effectsbluefinpersistentbeamesqueletomegaparsecaesonhedgehogtastyhspecliquid-haskellhasktorchpandoccardano2026deep-dive日本語 https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive https://www.youngju.dev/blog/culture/2026-05-16-modern-haskell-2026-ghc-9-10-9-12-ghcup-cabal-stack-ihp-servant-effectful-pandoc-deep-dive 2026년의 Haskell은 더 이상 "박사학위 받은 사람들이 논문 쓰려고 쓰는 언어"가 아니다. GHC 9.10(2024년 5월)과 9.12(2024년 12월)로 컴파일러는 한 단계 더 빨라졌고, GHCup이 공식 권장 설치 도구로 자리 잡으면서 Stack과 Cabal 3.14 사이의 선택이 단순해졌다. IHP가 Rails 같은 풀스택 경험을 제공하고, Servant가 타입드 HTTP API의 표준이 되었으며, Effectful이 mtl 스타일을 빠르게 대체하고 있다. ORM은 Persistent / Beam / Esqueleto, 파서는 Megaparsec, JSON은 Aeson, 테스트는 hedgehog / tasty / hspec, 그리고 Liquid Haskell의 refinement types와 Hasktorch의 머신러닝까지. Pandoc은 여전히 John MacFarlane이 들고 가고, Cardano는 IOHK가 운영하며, GitHub은 Semantic으로 Haskell을 프로덕션에 쓴다. 이 글은 그 모든 조각을 한 페이지에 모은 2026년판 모던 Haskell 지도다. Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim) haskellghc-9-10ghc-9-12ghcupcabalstackhackagestackageihpservantyesodsnapscottyspockeffectfulpolysemyfused-effectsbluefinpersistentbeamesqueletomegaparsecaesonhedgehogtastyhspecliquid-haskellhasktorchpandoccardano2026deep-dive