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      <title>Chaos and Order</title>
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      <description>천천히 올바르게. AI Researcher &amp; DevOps Engineer Youngju&#39;s blog. GPU/CUDA, LLM, MLOps, Kubernetes AI workloads, and data engineering — plus mindset essays on confidence, routines, health, and sport psychology.</description>
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      <managingEditor>fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim)</managingEditor>
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    <guid>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity.en</guid>
    <title>Air-Gap Transfer Procedure and Integrity — Building a Bundle That Still Installs the Same Way Six Months Later</title>
    <link>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity.en</link>
    <description>Covers what to put on the transfer medium, what to verify, and how to make that bundle produce the same result when you open it again six months later. It starts with why signature verification matters more in an air-gapped network than in a connected one — the ability to compare against the original online disappears once the medium goes inside — and then separates the signature-checking commands of rpm and rpmkeys according to the current man pages. It then builds, concretely, the manifest that is the heart of a reproducible bundle: the complete NEVRA including the epoch that never shows up in the file name, a per-package SHA-256, the repository snapshot date, the releasever that was used, and the source repository ID, all extracted in a single pass with an rpm query format, followed by a verification script that checks the bundle against that manifest after transfer. It closes with what the chain-of-custody record has to contain to satisfy both audit and reproduction.</description>
    <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    <author>fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim)</author>
    <category>linux</category><category>rhel</category><category>air-gap</category><category>rpm</category><category>gpg</category><category>security</category><category>package-management</category>
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    <guid>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity.ja</guid>
    <title>閉域網の持ち込み手順と完全性 — 6 か月後も同じインストールが再現できるバンドルを作る</title>
    <link>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity.ja</link>
    <description>持ち込み媒体に何を入れて何を検証するのか、そしてそのバンドルを 6 か月後に開き直したときに同じ結果が出るようにする方法を整理します。閉域網では署名検証が接続網よりむしろ重要になる理由 — 媒体が内側に入った時点で、あとからオンラインで突き合わせる手段が失われること — をまず押さえ、rpm と rpmkeys の署名検査コマンドを最新の man ページ基準で区別して説明します。続いて再現可能なバンドルの核心であるマニフェストを具体的に作ります。ファイル名には現れない epoch まで含んだ完全な NEVRA、パッケージごとの SHA-256、リポジトリのスナップショット日付、使用した releasever、取得元リポジトリ ID を rpm のクエリ形式で一度に取り出し、持ち込み後にこのマニフェストでバンドルを突き合わせる検証スクリプトまでつなげます。最後に、持ち込み記録に何を残せば監査と再現の両方を満たせるのかを扱います。</description>
    <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    <author>fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim)</author>
    <category>linux</category><category>rhel</category><category>air-gap</category><category>rpm</category><category>gpg</category><category>security</category><category>package-management</category>
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    <guid>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity</guid>
    <title>폐쇄망 반입 절차와 무결성 — 6개월 뒤에도 같은 설치가 나오는 번들 만들기</title>
    <link>https://www.youngju.dev/blog/linux/2026-08-14-rhel-airgap-transfer-and-integrity</link>
    <description>반입 매체에 무엇을 담고 무엇을 검증할지, 그리고 그 번들을 6개월 뒤에 다시 열었을 때 같은 결과가 나오게 만드는 방법을 정리합니다. 폐쇄망에서 서명 검증이 연결망보다 오히려 더 중요한 이유 — 나중에 온라인으로 대조할 수단이 사라진다는 점 — 을 먼저 짚고, rpm과 rpmkeys의 서명 검사 명령을 최신 man 페이지 기준으로 구분해 설명합니다. 이어서 재현 가능한 번들의 핵심인 매니페스트를 구체적으로 만듭니다. 파일 이름에는 드러나지 않는 epoch까지 포함한 완전한 NEVRA, 패키지별 SHA-256, 저장소 스냅샷 날짜, 사용한 releasever, 출처 저장소 ID를 rpm 질의 형식으로 한 번에 뽑아내고, 반입 후 이 매니페스트로 번들을 대조하는 검증 스크립트까지 이어집니다. 마지막으로 반입 기록에 무엇을 남겨야 감사와 재현 양쪽을 만족하는지 다룹니다.</description>
    <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    <author>fjvbn2003@gmail.com (Youngju Kim)</author>
    <category>linux</category><category>rhel</category><category>air-gap</category><category>rpm</category><category>gpg</category><category>security</category><category>package-management</category>
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